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Trial registered on ANZCTR
Registration number
ACTRN12624000227594
Ethics application status
Approved
Date submitted
23/09/2023
Date registered
7/03/2024
Date last updated
7/03/2024
Date data sharing statement initially provided
7/03/2024
Type of registration
Retrospectively registered
Titles & IDs
Public title
Jump height and peak isometric force changes after different combinations of training volume and training intensities using velocity-based training in a flywheel half-squat exercise
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Scientific title
Immediate exercise-induced neuromuscular changes after different external loads and velocity losses combinations in the flywheel squat exercise in physically active adults
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Secondary ID [1]
310668
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Nil known
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Universal Trial Number (UTN)
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Trial acronym
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Linked study record
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Health condition
Health condition(s) or problem(s) studied:
Exercise-induced neuromuscular changes
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Condition category
Condition code
Musculoskeletal
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0
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Normal musculoskeletal and cartilage development and function
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Cardiovascular
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0
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Normal development and function of the cardiovascular system
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Intervention/exposure
Study type
Interventional
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Description of intervention(s) / exposure
Randomised flywheel half-squat exercise, with different combinations of three velocity losses thresholds (5%, 10% and 15%) and three external loads or moments of inertia (0.05 kg·m2, 0.10 kg·m2, and 0.15 kg·m2). More specifically, the combinations will be:
1. Combination 1: Velocity Loss 5%, 0.05 kg·m2 moment of inertia
2. Combination 2: Velocity Loss 5%, 0.10 kg·m2 moment of inertia
3. Combination 3: Velocity Loss 5%, 0.15 kg·m2 moment of inertia
4. Combination 4: Velocity Loss 10%, 0.05 kg·m2 moment of inertia
5. Combination 5: Velocity Loss 10%, 0.10 kg·m2 moment of inertia
6. Combination 6: Velocity Loss 10%, 0.15 kg·m2 moment of inertia
7. Combination 7: Velocity Loss 15%, 0.05 kg·m2 moment of inertia
8. Combination 8: Velocity Loss 15%, 0.10 kg·m2 moment of inertia
9. Combination 9: Velocity Loss 15%, 0.15 kg·m2 moment of inertia
Each participant will execute three combinations on a single session, repeated twice a week, with 48-72h interspersed (wash-out period). Each session will last about 60 min per participant, and the total intervention duration will be five weeks. Each session will be attended by pairs.
The flywheel device will be a cylindrical shaft FRTD (Kbox 3, Exxentrix, Sweeden), with a load range ranging from 0.005 to 0.300 kg·m2 and an axis radius width of 0.025 m, monitored with a rotary encoder (SmartCoach Lite, SmartCoach Tech, USA). The main intervention will be supervised by a sport scientist with expertise in the execution of resistance training with flywheel devices.
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Intervention code [1]
327076
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Rehabilitation
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Comparator / control treatment
Because it is a cross-over design, each participant will serve as own reference comparator. The Combination 1: Velocity Loss 5%, 0.05 kg·m2 moment of inertia is considered as reference comparator.
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Control group
Dose comparison
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Outcomes
Primary outcome [1]
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Peak isometric force (PIF)
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Assessment method [1]
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To determine the force production capacity of the lower limbs, an isometric squat test will be used. Participants will remain in a static position at 90º of knee and hip flexion, wearing the same harness flywheel used for the main exercise. A strain gauge (Chronojump, BoscoSystem, Madrid, Spain) will be attached to the harness and to the floor using chains, which will allow standardization of the individual squat position. The strain gauge will have a capacity of 500 kg, a 24-bit digital-analog converter, and 80 Hz. For that reason, participants will be instructed to hold the chains in pretension to avoid any countermovement once they start pulling. After one second of pretension (~100 N), participants will have to pull with the instruction of 'as fast and hard as possible' for three seconds. Before each training session, the participants will perform two sets, with one minute of recovery between each set in a sitting position. After each VL, they will only execute once to stabilize baseline values and avoid extra fatigue after measurement. The raw data will be acquired using the manufacturer’s software (Chronojump, Barcelona, Spain) and exported to Matlab (version. 2023a) to calculate PIF with a custom Matlab routine. PIF will be calculated as the average of the highest values during one second. The execution onset will be established as 10N
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Timepoint [1]
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baseline and immediate post-exercise in every combination execution throughout the intervention period (two times a week for 3 weeks)
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Primary outcome [2]
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Maximum rate of force development (MRFD)
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Assessment method [2]
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To determine the force production capacity of the lower limbs, an isometric squat test will be used. Participants will remain in a static position at 90º of knee and hip flexion, wearing the same harness flywheel used for the main exercise. A strain gauge (Chronojump, BoscoSystem, Madrid, Spain) will be attached to the harness and to the floor using chains, which will allow standardization of the individual squat position. The strain gauge will have a capacity of 500 kg, a 24-bit digital analog converter, and 80 Hz. For that reason, participants will be instructed to hold the chains in pretension to avoid any countermovement once they start pulling. After one second of pretension (~100 N), participants will have to pull with the instruction of 'as fast and hard as possible' for three seconds. Before each training session, the participants will perform two sets, with one minute of recovery between each set in a sitting position. After each VL, they will only execute once to stabilize baseline values and avoid extra fatigue after measurement. The raw data will be acquired using the manufacturer’s software (Chronojump, Barcelona, Spain) and exported to Matlab (version. 2023a) to calculate MRFD with a custom Matlab routine. MRFD will be calculated as the highest slope of the force-time curve from the onset to the peak force. The execution onset will be established as 10N
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Timepoint [2]
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baseline and immediate post-exercise in every combination execution throughout the intervention period (two times a week for 3 weeks)
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Primary outcome [3]
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Jump height (CMJ)
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Assessment method [3]
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Participants will execute CMJ in a contact mat (Chronojump Contact Platform Kit DIN-A2, Chronojump, Barcelona, Spain). The participants will jump twice in each temporary assessment (Pre, Post0, and Post5). Participants will be instructed to perform a quick stretch-shortening cycle, with a free-fall distance, trying to jump as high as possible. Jumps with incorrect technique (e.g., flexing knees or ankles during the flight phase or moving horizontally from the starting position) will not be considered. Jump height will be calculated by the manufacturer's software (Chronojump 2.3.0-39, Chronojump, Barcelona, Spain). The trial outcome will be selected as the mean of the two jumps, interspersed 30 seconds along each trial.
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Timepoint [3]
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baseline and immediate post-exercise in every combination execution throughout the intervention period (two times a week for 3 weeks)
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Secondary outcome [1]
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mean velocity
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Assessment method [1]
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Using the smartcoach rotary encoder, we will monitor each repetition providing real time feedback using the mean velocity
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Timepoint [1]
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assessed continuously throughout every exercise combination during the exercise execution component completed throughout the intervention period (two times a week for 3 weeks)
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Eligibility
Key inclusion criteria
Participants will be required to be at least 18 years old and to have been participating regularly in physical activities that engage the muscles of the lower limbs for a minimum of the last six months. The participants will have previous experience in performing the main exercise (a minimum of three months, twice a week).
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Minimum age
18
Years
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Maximum age
No limit
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Sex
Both males and females
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Can healthy volunteers participate?
Yes
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Key exclusion criteria
Individuals who have medical conditions that prevent them from participating in vigorous and intense physical exercises or who have any form of injury, disease, or pathology will not be included in the study.
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Study design
Purpose of the study
Treatment
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Allocation to intervention
Randomised controlled trial
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Procedure for enrolling a subject and allocating the treatment (allocation concealment procedures)
This study follows a crossover design with a repeating measures component, allowing participants to run the study under their own control. Allocation is not concealed.
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Methods used to generate the sequence in which subjects will be randomised (sequence generation)
Permuted block randomisation
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Masking / blinding
Open (masking not used)
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Who is / are masked / blinded?
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Intervention assignment
Crossover
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Other design features
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Phase
Not Applicable
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Type of endpoint/s
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Statistical methods / analysis
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Recruitment
Recruitment status
Completed
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Date of first participant enrolment
Anticipated
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Actual
2/01/2023
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Date of last participant enrolment
Anticipated
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Actual
1/03/2023
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Date of last data collection
Anticipated
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Actual
31/05/2023
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Sample size
Target
30
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Accrual to date
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Final
20
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Recruitment outside Australia
Country [1]
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Spain
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State/province [1]
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Sevilla
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Funding & Sponsors
Funding source category [1]
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University
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Name [1]
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University of Seville
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Address [1]
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assessed continuously throughout every exercise session during the exercise execution component completed throughout the intervention period (two times a week for 9 weeks
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Country [1]
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Spain
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Primary sponsor type
University
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Name
Universidad de Sevilla
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Address
Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación, C/pirotecnica n.13 ZIP 41013 Seville, Spain
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Country
Spain
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Secondary sponsor category [1]
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None
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Name [1]
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Address [1]
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Country [1]
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Ethics approval
Ethics application status
Approved
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Ethics committee name [1]
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Universidad de Sevilla
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Ethics committee address [1]
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Calle San Fernando n.4 41004 Seville, Spain
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Ethics committee country [1]
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Spain
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Date submitted for ethics approval [1]
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12/12/2022
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Approval date [1]
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13/04/2023
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Ethics approval number [1]
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0390-N23
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Summary
Brief summary
The objective of this study was to analyse the effect of different training volumes and training intensities in the flywheel half squat exercise. It will be executed by healthy active subjects, both men and women, over 18 years old. Subjects will execute the flywheel half squat exercise twice a week, with different combinations of velocity losses (volume) and moments of inertia (intensity). We will test peak isometric force, maximum rate of force development, and jump height.
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Trial website
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Trial related presentations / publications
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Public notes
The recruitment process started before the final ethics committee approval, but using the same recruiting policies approved by the ethics committee. We started the recruitment process before because the local ethics committee allow for that in our case.
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Contacts
Principal investigator
Name
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Dr Alejandro Muñoz López
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Address
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Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación, C/ Pirotecnia n.13 Office 4.116, ZIP 41013 Seville
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Country
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Spain
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Phone
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+34699661447
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Fax
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Email
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[email protected]
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Contact person for public queries
Name
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Alejandro Muñoz López
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Address
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Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación, C/ Pirotecnia n.13 Office 4.116, ZIP 41013 Seville
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Country
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Spain
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Phone
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+34699661447
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Fax
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Email
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[email protected]
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Contact person for scientific queries
Name
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Alejandro Muñoz López
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Address
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Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación, C/ Pirotecnia n.13 Office 4.116, ZIP 41013 Seville
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Country
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Spain
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Phone
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+34699661447
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Fax
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Email
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[email protected]
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Data sharing statement
Will individual participant data (IPD) for this trial be available (including data dictionaries)?
No
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No/undecided IPD sharing reason/comment
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What supporting documents are/will be available?
No Supporting Document Provided
Results publications and other study-related documents
Documents added manually
No documents have been uploaded by study researchers.
Documents added automatically
No additional documents have been identified.
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