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Trial registered on ANZCTR
Registration number
ACTRN12619000793112
Ethics application status
Approved
Date submitted
17/05/2019
Date registered
29/05/2019
Date last updated
22/01/2020
Date data sharing statement initially provided
29/05/2019
Type of registration
Prospectively registered
Titles & IDs
Public title
Smart phone based single lead ECG versus traditional ambulatory Holter monitoring to aid diagnosis of cardiac arrhythmias in patients with rapid heart rhythms.
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Scientific title
Smart Phone based single lead ECGs versus traditional ambulatory Holter monitoring for definite diagnosis of cardiac arrhythmias in patients with symptomatic palpitations: a randomised controlled trial
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Secondary ID [1]
298055
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None
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Universal Trial Number (UTN)
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Trial acronym
WAHOO
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Linked study record
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Health condition
Health condition(s) or problem(s) studied:
heart palpitations
312540
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Cardiac arrhythmias
312946
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Condition category
Condition code
Cardiovascular
311069
311069
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0
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Other cardiovascular diseases
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Intervention/exposure
Study type
Interventional
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Description of intervention(s) / exposure
Patients randomised to the intervention arm will be offered the Alivecor KARDIAMOBILE (Smart phone-based sECG). They will be taught how to use the device using proprietary videos available on the manufacturer’s website (https://www.alivecor.com/how-it-works/). The smartphone/smartwatch platform allows a single lead ECG recording of up to 5 minutes. A finger from each (or one) hand is placed on electrodes on the back of a smartphone case (Kardiamobile), or an Apple watch band (KARDIABAND), resulting in a standard Lead I ECG recording which will aid diagnosis of arrhythmias.
Patients will be asked to:
a. Record and transmit a baseline sECG, save it as a PDF file and email to the secure server set up at Westmead Hospital, by using their de-identified study code in the subject line. This will also serve as their ‘test’ of usability;
b. Record and transmit an indefinite number of sECGs during the time they experience subjective palpitations;
c. Mandatory recording and transmitting an sECG on a minimum of once daily basis, but encouraged to send a sECG transmission twice daily (morning and night).
The daily transmissions will monitor adherence.
The follow-up and monitoring duration of the intervention group will last for a maximum of 6 months unless a definitive diagnosis is reached before that time, in which then the patient will no longer require monitoring.
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Intervention code [1]
314504
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Early detection / Screening
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Intervention code [2]
314544
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Treatment: Devices
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Comparator / control treatment
Patients randomised to the control arm will be managed as per standard care. Standard care will comprise of sequential ambulatory multi-day Holter monitors (5 days), up to 3 in number, over a period of 6 months, separated by at least 4 weeks. As is standard practice, patients will be permitted to present to their general practitioner, specialist, or emergency rooms in the case of prolonged palpitations for a 12 lead ECG. Results of the Holter monitor will be reviewed within 24 hours of return and patients will be contacted of their results within 72 hours. As is routine practice, a symptom dairy is given with a Holter monitor. The diary is in a free text format with minimum requirement to enter the time, duration and nature of symptoms recorded during the Holter period. The patient will have reached the primary endpoint if:
(a) a rhythm correlative to the patient’s symptom is detected (rhythm-symptom correlation); or
(b) an asymptomatic severe arrhythmia is recorded - severe sinus bradycardia (<40 beats per minute [bpm], not occurring when the patient is asleep), sinus tachycardia (=100 bpm, occurring when the patient is inactive), supraventricular tachycardia, atrial tachycardia, atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation, premature ventricular ectopy, ventricular tachycardia, Mobitz type II atrioventricular block or complete heart block).
Note: Both sustained (=30 seconds duration) and non-sustained arrhythmia (defined as lasting =5 consecutive beats) or;
(c) three negative Holter monitors are recorded over the 6-month trial period.
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Control group
Active
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Outcomes
Primary outcome [1]
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Definite diagnosis of an arrhythmia is made by matching a rhythm that correlated with symptoms (symptom-rhythm correlation). Correlated and assessed through patient diary/log, sECG recording via PDF's sent to clinical team by the patient or Holter monitor recording analysed by the clinical team post 5 day wearing period.
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Assessment method [1]
320092
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Timepoint [1]
320092
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Assessed continuously for up to 6 months from commencement
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Primary outcome [2]
320156
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Serious rhythm abnormality is recorded via either device, analysed via the ECG
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Assessment method [2]
320156
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Timepoint [2]
320156
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Assessed continuously for up to 6 months from commencement
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Secondary outcome [1]
370510
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Proportion of patients with any of the following rhythms correlative with symptoms namely:
sinus bradycardia (less than 60 beats per minute [bpm]),
sinus tachycardia (greater than 100 bpm),
supraventricular tachycardia, atrial tachycardia, atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation, premature ventricular ectopy, ventricular tachycardia, Mobitz type II atrioventricular block or complete heart block).
Assessed via application transmissions sent to desired email or via Holter monitor analytic software.
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Assessment method [1]
370510
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Timepoint [1]
370510
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Assessed continuously for 6 months
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Secondary outcome [2]
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Proportion of sECG tracings deemed to be satisfactory to make a diagnosis - assessed via a cardiac scientist and reviewed by Cardiologists as needed via transmissions sent from the patient.
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Assessment method [2]
370511
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Timepoint [2]
370511
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Assessed continuously for 6 months
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Secondary outcome [3]
370512
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Compliance with sECG device as assessed by patient-reported use of device during symptoms of palpitations via a diary log (number of events experienced versus number of times device was used during the same event).
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Assessment method [3]
370512
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Timepoint [3]
370512
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Assessed continuously for 6 months
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Secondary outcome [4]
370513
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Compliance with Holter monitor (number of hours worn per day over 5-day period which can be assessed using Holter software analytic software)
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Assessment method [4]
370513
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Timepoint [4]
370513
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6 months post intervention commencement.
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Secondary outcome [5]
370514
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Proportion of patients in whom medical therapy for arrhythmia was initiated or changed as a result of diagnosis from sECG or Holter monitoring. This is defined as initiation of anti-arrhythmic medications, anticoagulation, or referral for catheter ablation. Assessed via medical records.
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Assessment method [5]
370514
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Timepoint [5]
370514
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Assessed continuously for 6 months
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Secondary outcome [6]
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Serious Adverse Events (SAE) and Adverse Events of Special Interest (AESI)
a. AESI related to use of sECG - allergic reaction to sensors, monitored via patient feedback
b.. AESI related to use of Holter - allergic reaction to Holter adhesive electrodes, monitored via patient feedback and reviewed as needed.
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Assessment method [6]
370515
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Timepoint [6]
370515
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Assessed continuously for 6 months
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Secondary outcome [7]
370516
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Quality of life using the validated SF-36 questionnaire at baseline, compared to 6 months (end of study period).
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Assessment method [7]
370516
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Timepoint [7]
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Assessed at baseline and compared to 6 months post enrolment
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Eligibility
Key inclusion criteria
1. Patients aged greater than or equal to 18 years;
2. Symptomatic palpitations in whom initial 12 lead ECG has failed to detect arrhythmia.
3. At least two episodes of palpitations in the preceding 6 months;
4. Have a smartphone and/or a smartwatch capable of running the Alivecor application.
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Minimum age
18
Years
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Maximum age
No limit
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Sex
Both males and females
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Can healthy volunteers participate?
No
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Key exclusion criteria
Patients will be excluded if they are:
1. are unable or unwilling to provide informed consent;
2. Patients in whom palpitations are known to have a physiologic such as anaemia, thyroid dysfunction, heart failure, or women who are pregnant or breast feeding;
3. Concomitant illness, physical impairment or mental condition which in the opinion of the study team/ primary care physician could interfere with the conduct of the study including outcome assessments;
4. Inability or unwillingness to provide written informed consent;
5. Unable to complete study procedures;
6. Medical illness with anticipated life expectancy < 3 months;
7. Responsible primary care or other responsible physician believes it is not appropriate to participate in the study.
8. poor baseline sECG recording;
9. Lack of understanding of how to record sECG after initial consultation.
10. Do not have a smartphone and/or a smartwatch that is compatible with running the Alivecor application.
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Study design
Purpose of the study
Diagnosis
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Allocation to intervention
Randomised controlled trial
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Procedure for enrolling a subject and allocating the treatment (allocation concealment procedures)
Randomisation will be performed using a secure, password-protected web portal (Redcap).
Each participant will be assigned with a randomisation number.
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Methods used to generate the sequence in which subjects will be randomised (sequence generation)
Simple randomisation using a randomisation table created by computer software
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Masking / blinding
Open (masking not used)
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Who is / are masked / blinded?
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Intervention assignment
Parallel
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Other design features
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Phase
Not Applicable
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Type of endpoint/s
Safety/efficacy
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Statistical methods / analysis
Based on the published yield of multi-day Holter of 15%, we anticipate a 30% increase in yield with sECG to 45% for a symptom-rhythm correlation. Given a power of 80% and P=0.05, and a 10% drop, we estimate 80 patients will be required for this study.
The primary analysis approach will compare the time to the primary outcome in the intervention vs. control arms using survival analysis techniques. The time-to-event will be summarized using Kaplan-Meier product limit estimates and the nonparametric log rank test procedure will be used for comparing the survival curves. In addition, Chi-square test will be used to compare the proportion of patients meeting the primary endpoint at the end of the 6 month period-Fisher’s Exact test will be used to generate P value. The null hypothesis is that the time-to-event of the primary outcome is not different between the intervention and control groups. The alternative hypothesis is that the time-to-event of the primary outcome is different between the intervention and control groups.
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Recruitment
Recruitment status
Recruiting
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Date of first participant enrolment
Anticipated
3/06/2019
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Actual
26/11/2019
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Date of last participant enrolment
Anticipated
1/01/2021
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Actual
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Date of last data collection
Anticipated
1/07/2021
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Actual
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Sample size
Target
80
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Accrual to date
6
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Final
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Recruitment in Australia
Recruitment state(s)
NSW
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Recruitment hospital [1]
13764
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Westmead Hospital - Westmead
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Recruitment postcode(s) [1]
26513
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2145 - Westmead
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Funding & Sponsors
Funding source category [1]
302583
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Charities/Societies/Foundations
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Name [1]
302583
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Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand Bayer Young investigator Award
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Address [1]
302583
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The Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand
Suite 4, Level 12
189 Kent Street
SYDNEY NSW 2000
AUSTRALIA
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Country [1]
302583
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Australia
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Funding source category [2]
302804
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Government body
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Name [2]
302804
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WSLHD Research and Education Network
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Address [2]
302804
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WSLHD Research and Education Network,
Westmead Hospital,
Hawkesbury Road,
Westmead NSW 2145
Australia
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Country [2]
302804
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Australia
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Primary sponsor type
Government body
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Name
Western Sydney Local Health District (WSLHD)
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Address
Cnr Hawkesbury Road and Darcy Road
Westmead NSW 2145
Australia
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Country
Australia
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Secondary sponsor category [1]
302835
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None
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Name [1]
302835
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Address [1]
302835
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Country [1]
302835
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Ethics approval
Ethics application status
Approved
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Ethics committee name [1]
303224
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Western Sydney Local Health District (WSLHD) HREC
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Ethics committee address [1]
303224
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Cnr Hawkesbury Road and Darcy Road
Westmead NSW 2145
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Ethics committee country [1]
303224
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Australia
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Date submitted for ethics approval [1]
303224
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14/11/2018
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Approval date [1]
303224
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14/05/2019
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Ethics approval number [1]
303224
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HREC/18/WMEAD/504
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Ethics committee name [2]
303432
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Western Sydney Local Health District (WSLHD) HREC
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Ethics committee address [2]
303432
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Cnr Hawkesbury Road and Darcy Road
Westmead NSW 2145
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Ethics committee country [2]
303432
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Australia
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Date submitted for ethics approval [2]
303432
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14/11/2018
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Approval date [2]
303432
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14/05/2019
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Ethics approval number [2]
303432
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SSA/18/WMEAD/505
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Summary
Brief summary
This study will be conducted to determine if smart phone-based (Kardiamobile) single lead electrographic (sECG) recording systems have a superior yield for the diagnosis of hearth rhythm disorders compared to repeating traditional ambulatory monitoring (Holter) in patients with undiagnosed palpitations.
Participants who meet the inclusion criteria will be randomised 1:1 to either the intervention group (Kardiamobile sECG) or control group (standard care with multiple ambulatory Holter monitors).
This clinical trial will run over 2 years with a planned recruitment of 80 patients (40 in each group). A follow up period of 6 months will aid to determine which approach is superior for the diagnosis of symptom related-heart rhythm abnormalities.
Control arm
Patients randomised to the control arm will be managed as per standard care. Standard care will comprise of sequential ambulatory multi-day Holter monitors (5 days), up to 3 in number, over a period of 6 months, separated by at least 4 weeks.
Intervention arm
Patients randomised to the intervention arm will be offered the Alivecor KARDIAMOBILE (Smart phone-based sECG). The smartphone/smartwatch platform allows a single lead ECG recording of up to 5 minutes.
Study outcomes
The primary outcome of this study will be the proportion of patients in whom a definite diagnosis of palpitations is made with an underlying rhythm that correlated with symptoms (symptom-rhythm correlation) or a serious rhythm abnormality is recorded over the 6 month follow up period.
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Trial website
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Trial related presentations / publications
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Public notes
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Contacts
Principal investigator
Name
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A/Prof Saurabh Kumar
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Address
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Room 2111, Level 2, Clinical Sciences Corridor,
Westmead Public Hospital,
Cnr Darcy and Hawkesbury Roads,
Westmead, NSW, 2145
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Country
92914
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Australia
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Phone
92914
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+61 2 8890 8140
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Fax
92914
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Email
92914
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[email protected]
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Contact person for public queries
Name
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Ms Ivana Trivic
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Address
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Room 2021, Research and Education Network (REN Building)
Crn Darcy and Hawkesbury Road,
Westmead, NSW, 2145
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Country
92915
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Australia
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Phone
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+61 418248285
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Fax
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Email
92915
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[email protected]
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Contact person for scientific queries
Name
92916
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A/Prof Saurabh Kumar
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Address
92916
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Room 2111, Level 2, Clinical Sciences Corridor,
Westmead Public Hospital,
Cnr Darcy and Hawkesbury Roads,
Westmead, NSW, 2145
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Country
92916
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Australia
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Phone
92916
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+61 2 8890 8140
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Fax
92916
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Email
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[email protected]
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Data sharing statement
Will individual participant data (IPD) for this trial be available (including data dictionaries)?
No
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No/undecided IPD sharing reason/comment
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What supporting documents are/will be available?
No Supporting Document Provided
Results publications and other study-related documents
Documents added manually
No documents have been uploaded by study researchers.
Documents added automatically
Source
Title
Year of Publication
DOI
Embase
Utility of a Handheld, Single-Lead ECG Device for Diagnosis of Cardiac Arrhythmias.
2023
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2023.03.428
N.B. These documents automatically identified may not have been verified by the study sponsor.
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