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Trial registered on ANZCTR
Registration number
ACTRN12624001194550
Ethics application status
Approved
Date submitted
8/08/2024
Date registered
30/09/2024
Date last updated
30/09/2024
Date data sharing statement initially provided
30/09/2024
Type of registration
Prospectively registered
Titles & IDs
Public title
Implementation and evaluation of the Small Steps for Big Changes Diabetes Prevention Program in South-East Queensland, Australia
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Scientific title
Implementation and evaluation of the Small Steps for Big Changes Diabetes Prevention Program for adults with elevated risk for type 2 diabetes in South-East Queensland, Australia
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Secondary ID [1]
312392
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NCT06440395
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Universal Trial Number (UTN)
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Trial acronym
SSBC-AUS
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Linked study record
This study is related to NCT06440395, and is the Australian arm of the Healthy Cities funding grant. Deidentified data from this study will be pooled with the data collected in NCT06440395 to enable both combined and cross-country comparisons. It also builds on the previous work detailed in previous trials (NCT02164474, NCT03096002, NCT05962983).
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Health condition
Health condition(s) or problem(s) studied:
Type 2 Diabetes
334198
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Condition category
Condition code
Metabolic and Endocrine
330861
330861
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0
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Diabetes
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Intervention/exposure
Study type
Interventional
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Description of intervention(s) / exposure
Small Steps for Big Changes is a diet and exercise coaching intervention targeting adults at risk of type 2 diabetes. It is delivered in the community by community persons who have been trained to deliver the intervention. This use of community persons as health coaches is a key implementation strategy. These health coaches are trained, via online modules, in motivational interviewing in order to provide a person-led approach the promotes autonomy for diet and exercise changes.
The intervention is designed to be delivered by this health coach one-on-one over six 1-on-1 sessions across a four week period. Each session incorporates guidance on healthy eating and active living (about 40 minutes) and structured, supervised moderate continuous activity or high intensity interval training aerobic exercise (20 to 30 minutes). The exercise intensity is measured through heart rate and the rate of perceived exertion (Borg test), with participants also taught the talk test. Delivery sites can choose to augment this core program with additional elements, such as strength training or a group-based offering or extend the delivery period out to up to six weeks.
The core components of the SSBC intervention are: self-monitoring (achieved via a client workbook); goal setting (done in collaboration with the health coach and reviewed each session); relapse prevention planning (through action planning and goal setting); diet and exercise education (targeting areas of: hidden sugar; physical sensations felt with exercise; carbohydrates, low and high GI food choices and a health plate; benefits of physical activity for diabetes prevention, identifying supports and addressing barriers to active living; and, managing setbacks and plans for post intervention); supervised choice-based moderate (e.g., steady walking on a treadmill or steady pedalling on a stationary bike) or high intensity aerobic exercise (e.g., brisk walking on a treadmill or fast pedalling on a stationary bike), with the option to do strength training as a home exercise or other appropriate exercise; and, reflection of behaviour change (done through the health coaching session and client workbook activities). Provision and take-up of any additions will be tracked. Session attendance, and delivery of these core elements of the intervention (i.e., use of motivational interviewing strategies; development and check-in of goals; self-monitoring; attendance at sessions) is tracked by the health coach as part of the session, with the health coach supported in this via scripts and prompts in REDCap.
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Intervention code [1]
328894
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Prevention
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Intervention code [2]
328895
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Behaviour
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Intervention code [3]
329295
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Treatment: Other
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Comparator / control treatment
No control group
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Control group
Uncontrolled
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Outcomes
Primary outcome [1]
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Change in moderate-to-vigorous intensity activity pre-post program (Effectiveness indicator)
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Assessment method [1]
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Active Australia survey
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Timepoint [1]
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End of program (end of session 6: typically 4 weeks after program commencement).
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Primary outcome [2]
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Fidelity of SSBC delivery - (Implementation indicator)
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Assessment method [2]
338656
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Number of sessions client attended and completion of core components assessed via checklists and project tracking.
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Timepoint [2]
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End of program (end of session 6: typically 4 weeks after program commencement).
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Secondary outcome [1]
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Proportion of certified health coaches of those undertaking training (Adoption indicator)
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Assessment method [1]
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Obtained through pre-program coach survey and program records
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Timepoint [1]
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Tracked by research team throughout program and reported on annually with final reporting at project completion.
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Secondary outcome [2]
438437
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Number and reasons for health coaches and site withdrawals (Adoption indicator). This will be assessed as a composite outcome.
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Assessment method [2]
438437
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Project tracking via review of coaches' records at each site with reasons provided through a withdrawal survey sent to the coach upon withdrawal.
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Timepoint [2]
438437
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This will be tracked throughout the study as part of site monitoring process and will be reported on annually with final reporting at project completion.
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Secondary outcome [3]
438439
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Proportion of clients interested, eligible, consented, enrolled and completing the intervention (Reach indicator: assessed as composite outcome)
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Assessment method [3]
438439
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Project tracking via completion of data collection (expression of interest; pre-program survey; end of program survey; and attendance records) at each timepoint.
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Timepoint [3]
438439
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Assessed annually from the start of the program until project completion at year 4 of delivery.
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Secondary outcome [4]
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Characteristics of the eligible and ineligible clients (Reach indicator). Please note that understanding Reach is an outcome of the trial.
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Assessment method [4]
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Screening and eligibility survey
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Timepoint [4]
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Eligibility screening
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Secondary outcome [5]
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Number and reasons for withdrawal client (this will be assessed as a composite outcome at the conclusion of the study)
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Assessment method [5]
438441
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Withdrawal survey sent to coach and project tracking of coaches records at each site by the research team.
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Timepoint [5]
438441
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Tracked throughout project and reported as part of annual reporting.
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Secondary outcome [6]
438443
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Membership rates -- the proportion of individuals who convert their one-month free pass to a facility membership (Maintenance indicator)
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Assessment method [6]
438443
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Collected from annual reports from delivery sites and client surveys.
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Timepoint [6]
438443
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Reported annually and collected up to 4 years post initial implementation with final report at project completion.
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Secondary outcome [7]
438444
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Referral pathways into program for health coaches and clients (Reach indicator)
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Assessment method [7]
438444
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Response to question on how they heard about the program (set list + open response) on EOI and screening survey
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Timepoint [7]
438444
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Collected throughout program and reviewed quarterly to understand referral pathways. Reported on as part of yearly reporting and summarised at project completion.
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Secondary outcome [8]
438445
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Change in weight (Effectiveness)
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Assessment method [8]
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Weight measured in kilograms by digital scale by the health coach.
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Timepoint [8]
438445
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Change pre-program to end-program (end of session 6: typically 4 weeks after program commencement)
Change pre-program to 12 months post program commencement.
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Secondary outcome [9]
438446
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Change in cardio-respiratory fitness measured through the 2-minute step test (Effectiveness indicator)
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Assessment method [9]
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2-minute step test, a measure of cardiovascular fitness. It is the number of steps completed in 2 minutes, results are interpreted on age- and sex-specific norms.
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Timepoint [9]
438446
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Change pre- to post-program (end of session 6: typically 4 weeks after program commencement)
Change pre-program to 12 months post program commencement.
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Secondary outcome [10]
438447
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Change in strength (Effectiveness)
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Assessment method [10]
438447
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Hand grip strength (kilograms) measured using a hand dynamometer. The highest value from 3 trials is considered the individual's hand grip strength score and is compared with normative data to their age and sex category.
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Timepoint [10]
438447
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Change pre- to post-program (end of session 6: typically 4 weeks after program commencement)
Change pre-program to 12 months post program commencement.
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Secondary outcome [11]
438448
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Change in balance (Effectiveness)
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Assessment method [11]
438448
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4 stage balance test evaluates static balance, holding 4 different positions each for 30 seconds, the duration held is recorded. Successfully holding each position for the full 30 seconds is a pass.
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Timepoint [11]
438448
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Change pre- to post-program (end of session 6: typically 4 weeks after program commencement)
Change pre-program to 12 months post program commencement.
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Secondary outcome [12]
438449
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Change in health-related quality of life (Effectiveness)
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Assessment method [12]
438449
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Assessed using the EQ-5D-5L profile
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Timepoint [12]
438449
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Change from pre program to end of program (end of session 6: typically 4 weeks after program commencement) and to 3-months, 6-months and 12-months post program commencement.
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Secondary outcome [13]
438450
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Change in other activity behaviours (sedentary, light, sleep, strength sessions) (Effectiveness)
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Assessment method [13]
438450
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24h movement questionnaire; Active Australia Questionnaire
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Timepoint [13]
438450
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Change from pre-program to post-program (end of session 6: typically 4 weeks after program commencement)
Change from pre-program to 3-; 6- and 12-months post program commencement.
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Secondary outcome [14]
438451
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Change in dietary intake (Effectiveness)
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Assessment method [14]
438451
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Assessed using the brief food frequency questionnaire plus 4-items form the evaluation of the Get Healthy Service to capture information on fruit and vegetable intake, daily servings of sweetened drinks per day, and takeaway meals per week
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Timepoint [14]
438451
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Change from pre-program to post-program (end of session 6: typically 4 weeks after program commencement)
Change from pre-program to 3-; 6- and 12-months post program commencement.
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Secondary outcome [15]
438452
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Change in type 2 diabetes status (Effectiveness)
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Assessment method [15]
438452
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Self-reported receiving a diabetes diagnosis
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Timepoint [15]
438452
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3-, 6- and 12-months post program
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Secondary outcome [16]
438453
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Change in social support
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Assessment method [16]
438453
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2-item survey question on social support for physical activity and for healthy eating
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Timepoint [16]
438453
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Change from pre-program to post-program (end of session 6: typically 4 weeks after program commencement)
Change from pre-program to 3-; 6- and 12-months post program commencement.
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Secondary outcome [17]
438454
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Number and type of adaptations made prior to delivery of SSBC and during SSBC delivery (Implementation)
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Assessment method [17]
438454
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Adaptation information will be gathered through meeting minutes with site leads, annual reports from delivery sites and through interviews with coaches and site leads.
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Timepoint [17]
438454
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Data will be collected from the adaptation workshop and pre-implementation meeting minutes and throughout the four years of program delivery in line with the site-determined meeting schedule. It will be reported on annually and summarised at project completion.
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Secondary outcome [18]
438455
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Number of adaptations needed for sustainability and during sustainment (Implementation)
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Assessment method [18]
438455
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Adaptation information will be gathered through meeting minutes with site leads, annual reports from delivery sites and through interviews with coaches and site leads.
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Timepoint [18]
438455
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Data will be collected annually up to 4 years post implementation commencement and summarised at project completion.
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Secondary outcome [19]
438456
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Cost of delivering SSBC (Implementation)
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Assessment method [19]
438456
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Costs incurred for implementing SSBC at the delivery sites will be collected through annual reporting from the delivery sites.
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Timepoint [19]
438456
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Data will be collected annually up to four years post implementation at the site and summarised at project completion.
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Secondary outcome [20]
438457
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Acceptability of SSBC among site staff and health coaches (Implementation)
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Assessment method [20]
438457
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Acceptability will be assessed by the validated Acceptability of Intervention Measure (AIM) via survey. All site leads and a sub-sample of health coaches will also have semi-structured one-on-one interviews with a member of the research team (either in-person or online).
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Timepoint [20]
438457
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Acceptability will be assessed at pre-implementation, and post program / post implementation at 2 months, then yearly (1, 2, 3, 4) post implementation.
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Secondary outcome [21]
438458
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Sustainability of the program (Maintenance): assessed as a composite outcome.
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Assessment method [21]
438458
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Data will be collected on the number of sites continuing delivery, the number of coaches continuing delivery and the number of clients run through SSBC. This data will be gathered through program records. Semi-structured interviews will be conducted at each site by the research team (one-on-one) with the site leads and health coaches as well as the organisational leads over the sustainability phase to gather information on the contextual factors that impact sustainability outcomes.
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Timepoint [21]
438458
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Data will be collected from program tracking with data reported annually and the final timepoint at four years post implementation.
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Secondary outcome [22]
439539
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Characteristics of certified health coaches (Adoption indicator)
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Assessment method [22]
439539
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Assessed through pre-program coach survey
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Timepoint [22]
439539
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Pre-training
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Secondary outcome [23]
439540
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Change in waist circumference (effectiveness)
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Assessment method [23]
439540
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Waist circumference in centimetres, measured at level of narrowest point between lower costal rib - 10th rib border and top of Iliac crest in centimetres by the health coach.
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Timepoint [23]
439540
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Change from pre to end of program (after 6 sessions, typically 4 weeks)
Change pre-program to 12-months post program commencement.
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Secondary outcome [24]
439555
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Change in resting blood pressure
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Assessment method [24]
439555
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Electronic measure of blood pressure after client is seated for at least 5 minutes.
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Timepoint [24]
439555
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Change from pre to end of program (6 sessions, typically 4 weeks)
Change pre-program to 12 months post program commencement.
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Secondary outcome [25]
439556
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Change in resting heart rate
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Assessment method [25]
439556
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Measured after at least 5 minutes rest
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Timepoint [25]
439556
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Change from pre to end of program (6 sessions, typically 4 weeks).
Change pre-program to 12 months post program commencement.
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Secondary outcome [26]
439557
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Appropriateness of the intervention (from the perspective of organisational leads, site leads, health coaches)
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Assessment method [26]
439557
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Appropriateness will be assessed by the Intervention Appropriateness Measure (IAM) and through semi-structured one-on-one interviews with a member of the research team (either in-person or online).
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Timepoint [26]
439557
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Measured pre-implementation, 2 months, 1 year, 2 year, 3 years, and 4 years post-program implementation.
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Secondary outcome [27]
439558
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Feasibility of the intervention (from the perspective of organisational leads, site leads, health coaches)
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Assessment method [27]
439558
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Feasibility will be assessed by the Feasibility of Intervention Measure (FIM). and through semi-structured one-on-one interviews with a member of the research team (either in-person or online).
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Timepoint [27]
439558
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Measured pre-implementation, 2 months, 1 year, 2 year, 3 years, and 4 years post-program implementation.
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Secondary outcome [28]
439759
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Acceptability (clients)
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Assessment method [28]
439759
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Survey developed for this project examining specific elements of the program as well as overall satisfaction.
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Timepoint [28]
439759
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Post program (after 6 sessions, typically 4 weeks post baseline).
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Eligibility
Key inclusion criteria
COACH ELIGIBILITY
Adults (18 years or over)
Meet the site-level requirements for volunteers at their respective sites
Pass the competency assessment for SSBC intervention delivery
CLIENT ELIGIBILITY
Adults (18 years or over)
Able to read and speak English
Has elevated risk for diabetes, assessed by one of the following means:
a) an AUSDRISK (Australian diabetes risk assessment tool) score of 6 or over (considered intermediate risk),
b) HbA1c of 5.7-6.4%,
c) fasting blood glucose of 6.1 to 6.9 mmol/L (if provided)
Able to provide informed consent
Passed exercise screening / received clearance from GP for exercise
Able to attend a delivery site
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Minimum age
18
Years
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Maximum age
No limit
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Sex
Both males and females
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Can healthy volunteers participate?
No
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Key exclusion criteria
CLIENT EXCLUSION CRITERIA
- aged <18 years
• currently pregnant
• currently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes with an HBA1c of 6.5% or greater
• score <6 on the AUSDRISK assessment tool
• unable to attend one of the five sites offering the program
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Study design
Purpose of the study
Prevention
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Allocation to intervention
Non-randomised trial
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Procedure for enrolling a subject and allocating the treatment (allocation concealment procedures)
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Methods used to generate the sequence in which subjects will be randomised (sequence generation)
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Masking / blinding
Open (masking not used)
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Who is / are masked / blinded?
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Intervention assignment
Single group
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Other design features
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Phase
Not Applicable
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Type of endpoint/s
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Statistical methods / analysis
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Recruitment
Recruitment status
Not yet recruiting
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Date of first participant enrolment
Anticipated
24/10/2024
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Actual
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Date of last participant enrolment
Anticipated
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Actual
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Date of last data collection
Anticipated
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Actual
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Sample size
Target
500
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Accrual to date
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Final
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Recruitment in Australia
Recruitment state(s)
QLD
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Recruitment postcode(s) [1]
42768
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4551 - Caloundra
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Recruitment postcode(s) [2]
42770
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4131 - Meadowbrook
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Recruitment postcode(s) [3]
42771
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4165 - Victoria Point
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Recruitment postcode(s) [4]
42772
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4370 - Warwick
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Recruitment postcode(s) [5]
42784
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4006 - Bowen Hills
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Funding & Sponsors
Funding source category [1]
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Government body
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Name [1]
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National Health and Medical Research Council-Canadian Institutes of Health Research
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Address [1]
316801
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Country [1]
316801
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Australia
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Primary sponsor type
University
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Name
The University of Queensland
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Address
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Country
Australia
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Secondary sponsor category [1]
319023
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University
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Name [1]
319023
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Deakin University
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Address [1]
319023
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Country [1]
319023
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Australia
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Other collaborator category [1]
283103
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Government body
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Name [1]
283103
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UQ Health Care (Logan Healthy Living)
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Address [1]
283103
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Country [1]
283103
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Australia
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Other collaborator category [2]
283104
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Charities/Societies/Foundations
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Name [2]
283104
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Y-Qld (YMCA)
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Address [2]
283104
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Country [2]
283104
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Australia
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Ethics approval
Ethics application status
Approved
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Ethics committee name [1]
315571
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The University of Queensland Human Research Ethics Committee B
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Ethics committee address [1]
315571
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https://www.uq.edu.au/research/research-support/ethics-integrity-and-compliance/human-ethics
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Ethics committee country [1]
315571
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Australia
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Date submitted for ethics approval [1]
315571
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21/06/2024
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Approval date [1]
315571
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05/08/2024
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Ethics approval number [1]
315571
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Summary
Brief summary
The aim of this project is to evaluate the implementation and effectiveness of delivering the Small Steps for Big Changes diabetes prevention program in the Australian context. The program, developed in Canada, provides training to health coaches (which can be lay persons or peers) to deliver the 6 sessions of 1-on-1 counselling and supervised exercise. The program will be trialled in five sites in South-East Queensland, with a target of 500 clients. It is part of a larger funded evaluation of the program, which is been rolled out across Canada. It is hypothesised that the program will reach a broad range of clients, be effective in changing physical activity and dietary behaviours, be able to be successfully implemented, and be sustainable.
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Trial website
https://www.smallstepsforbigchanges.com/
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Trial related presentations / publications
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Public notes
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Contacts
Principal investigator
Name
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Prof Genevieve Healy
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Address
135110
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Building 26B, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Research Drive, St Lucia, QLD, 4072
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Country
135110
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Australia
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Phone
135110
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+61 7 3365 6240
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Fax
135110
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Email
135110
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[email protected]
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Contact person for public queries
Name
135111
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Genevieve Healy
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Address
135111
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Building 26B, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Research Drive, St Lucia, QLD, 4072
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Country
135111
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Australia
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Phone
135111
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+61 7 3365 6240
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Fax
135111
0
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Email
135111
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[email protected]
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Contact person for scientific queries
Name
135112
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Genevieve Healy
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Address
135112
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Building 26B, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Research Drive, St Lucia, QLD, 4072
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Country
135112
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Australia
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Phone
135112
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+61 7 3365 6240
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Fax
135112
0
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Email
135112
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[email protected]
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Data sharing statement
Will individual participant data (IPD) for this trial be available (including data dictionaries)?
Yes
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What data in particular will be shared?
De-identified individual data underlying the published results
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When will data be available (start and end dates)?
Within 6 months following publication; no end date
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Available to whom?
Researchers who provide a methodologically sound proposal and appropriate ethical approval.
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Available for what types of analyses?
To be used as per any approved methodological sound proposal (with ethical approval), including meta-analyses
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How or where can data be obtained?
Contact principal investigator via email:
[email protected]
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What supporting documents are/will be available?
No Supporting Document Provided
Results publications and other study-related documents
Documents added manually
No documents have been uploaded by study researchers.
Documents added automatically
No additional documents have been identified.
Download to PDF