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Trial registered on ANZCTR
Registration number
ACTRN12624001198516
Ethics application status
Approved
Date submitted
4/09/2024
Date registered
1/10/2024
Date last updated
1/10/2024
Date data sharing statement initially provided
1/10/2024
Type of registration
Prospectively registered
Titles & IDs
Public title
Personalised Exercise Rehabilitation FOR people with Multimorbidity - The PERFORM-Aus trial
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Scientific title
Effects of a Personalised Exercise Rehabilitation FOR people with Multimorbidity on hospitalisation compared to usual care: The PERFORM-Aus trial
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Secondary ID [1]
312690
0
None
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Universal Trial Number (UTN)
U1111-1311-5563
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Trial acronym
PERFORM-Aus
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Linked study record
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Health condition
Health condition(s) or problem(s) studied:
Arthritis
334697
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Cancer
334701
0
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Chronic kidney disease
334702
0
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Musculoskeletal pain
334704
0
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Mild dementia
334706
0
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Depression
334707
0
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Diabetes mellitus
334708
0
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Long-COVID
334711
0
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Neuromuscular diseases
334712
0
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Osteoporosis
334713
0
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Peripheral vascular disease
334714
0
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Polycystic ovarian syndrome
334715
0
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Psychoactive substance misuse
334716
0
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Anxiety
335012
0
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Anorexia nervosa or bulimia
335013
0
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Chronic liver disease
335014
0
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Chronic sinusitis
335015
0
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Diverticular disease
335016
0
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Endometriosis
335017
0
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Epilepsy
335018
0
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Condition category
Condition code
Mental Health
331268
331268
0
0
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Depression
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Neurological
331269
331269
0
0
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Dementias
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Neurological
331270
331270
0
0
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Multiple sclerosis
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Neurological
331271
331271
0
0
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Parkinson's disease
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Neurological
331272
331272
0
0
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Other neurological disorders
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Cancer
331273
331273
0
0
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Any cancer
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Metabolic and Endocrine
331274
331274
0
0
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Diabetes
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Eye
331528
331528
0
0
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Diseases / disorders of the eye
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Metabolic and Endocrine
331529
331529
0
0
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Thyroid disease
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Inflammatory and Immune System
331530
331530
0
0
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Rheumatoid arthritis
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Intervention/exposure
Study type
Interventional
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Description of intervention(s) / exposure
Participants randomised to the PERFORM intervention will undergo an 8-week in-person supervised program at a rehabilitation centre, with sessions held twice weekly. Each session will last 2 hours and consist of one hour of exercise training (Move and Improve) and another hour focusing on patient self-care support and education (Health and Wellbeing sessions).
Staff will receive at least 4 hours of training in delivery of the PERFORM intervention, delivered in hybrid format (F2F and online), prior to enrolling the first participant.
Move and Improve: The exercise program will be based on the American College of Sports Medicine's guideline (Exercise management for persons with chronic diseases and disabilities). It will be supervised by seasoned physiotherapists/exercise physiologists.
The exercise program will feature personalized and progressive aerobic and resistance training. Aerobic training will consist of walking (treadmill or corridor) and cycle training for up to 30 minutes in a moderate intensity (Borg RPE scale rates exertion between 12 to 14 or Borg breathlessness scale, range 3-4). The resistance training will consist of lower limb and upper limb dumbbell exercises prescribed as tolerated to achieve 2–3 sets of 10 – 15 repetitions of each exercise.
Participants will receive a comprehensive exercise booklet and a standardized progress-tracking diary to encourage their involvement in a home exercise routine. In the progress-tracking diary, participants will document exercise frequency, duration, and post-exercise symptom evaluations for aerobic and resistance training.
The fidelity of Move and Improve component will involve three steps:
- Staff Training: The Move and Improvement program staff will undergo training to ensure that everyone will adhere to the intervention protocol. Regular supervision and refresher training will help maintain consistency.
- Audit of Exercise Prescription and Progression: Periodic audits of exercise prescription records and progression will be carried out to ensure that the exercise plan is being implemented as intended. This includes confirming that the exercises, intensity, duration and frequency align with the study protocol.
- Assessment of Participant Engagement: This will involve tracking attendance, adherence to prescribed exercises, and completion of the exercise booklet for the home exercise program.
Health and Wellbeing sessions: The health and wellbeing (H&WB) sessions will be delivered in a group of participants by a healthcare professional trained by experienced behaviour change personnel. The H&WB will be grounded in behaviour change to support positive lifestyle modifications and symptom management. In total, 16 topics will be delivered throughout the eight weeks (one topic per session). The chosen topics are broad to embrace multiple health aspects which are potentially shared by people with multimorbidity covering healthy diet (two sessions), physical activity, exercise, sleep, stress, relaxation, energy, pain management, respiratory symptom management, mood management, how to cope multiple health conditions, medicines adherence, principle and strategies for changing behaviour, and habit formation.
Additionally, written leaflets and materials will be provided to support participants to share information with their families and caregivers.
The resources (exercise booklet and leaflets) were developed by the University of Leicester and adapted for the Australian context.
For the fidelity assessment for the Health & Wellbeing component, all sessions will be recorded over a one-month period at two specific times: 6 months and 18 months at all sites. From these recorded sessions, a random selection will be made for the fidelity assessment.
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Intervention code [1]
329218
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Rehabilitation
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Intervention code [2]
329566
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Behaviour
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Comparator / control treatment
Usual care. It refers to the treatment provided by the participant's regular health care team, including prescribed medications and scheduled follow-up visits.
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Control group
Active
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Outcomes
Primary outcome [1]
339031
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All cause non-elective hospital admission
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Assessment method [1]
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Hospitalisation will be obtained by medical record review at 12 months, and verified by monthly telephone calls to participants, and by data linkage at trial conclusion.
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Timepoint [1]
339031
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12-month follow-up
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Secondary outcome [1]
438312
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Exercise capacity
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Assessment method [1]
438312
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Six-minute walk distance (6MWD)
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Timepoint [1]
438312
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Baseline, end intervention (3 months) and 12-month follow-up
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Secondary outcome [2]
438505
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Mental health - Depression
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Assessment method [2]
438505
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Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)
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Timepoint [2]
438505
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Baseline, end intervention (3 months), and 12-month follow-up
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Secondary outcome [3]
438506
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Self-reported physical activity
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Assessment method [3]
438506
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International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ – short form)
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Timepoint [3]
438506
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Baseline, end intervention (3 months), and 12-month follow-up.
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Secondary outcome [4]
438507
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Treatment Burden
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Assessment method [4]
438507
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Multimorbidity Treatment Burden Questionnaire
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Timepoint [4]
438507
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Baseline, end intervention (3 months), and 12-month follow-up.
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Secondary outcome [5]
438508
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Fatigue
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Assessment method [5]
438508
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Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy – Fatigue (FACIT-F)
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Timepoint [5]
438508
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Baseline, end intervention (3 months), and 12-month follow-up.
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Secondary outcome [6]
438509
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Pain
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Assessment method [6]
438509
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Brief Pain Inventory (BPI)
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Timepoint [6]
438509
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Baseline, end intervention (3 months), and 12-month follow-up
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Secondary outcome [7]
438510
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Breathlessness
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Assessment method [7]
438510
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Dyspnoea-12 questionnaire
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Timepoint [7]
438510
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Baseline, end intervention (3 months), and 12-month follow-up
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Secondary outcome [8]
438511
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Physical frailty
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Assessment method [8]
438511
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Fried’s Frailty Phenotype
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Timepoint [8]
438511
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Baseline, end intervention (3 months), and 12-month follow-up
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Secondary outcome [9]
438513
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Adverse events (AE), including musculoskeletal injuries or other injuries causally attributable to the intervention,
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Assessment method [9]
438513
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AE log
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Timepoint [9]
438513
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End intervention (3 months) and 12-month follow-up
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Secondary outcome [10]
439310
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Functional capacity
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Assessment method [10]
439310
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Short Physical Performance Battery
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Timepoint [10]
439310
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Baseline, end intervention (3 months), 12-month follow-up
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Secondary outcome [11]
439338
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Mental health - Anxiety
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Assessment method [11]
439338
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Generalised Anxiety Disorder Assessment-7 (GAD-7) tool
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Timepoint [11]
439338
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Baseline, end intervention (3 months), and 12-month follow-up
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Secondary outcome [12]
439378
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Health-related quality of life
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Assessment method [12]
439378
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EQ-5D-5L
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Timepoint [12]
439378
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Baseline, end intervention (3 months), and 12-month follow-up
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Eligibility
Key inclusion criteria
Adults aged 18 years
Able and willing to provide informed consent
Able to ambulate independently (including the use of walking aids).
Scores in the modified Medical Research Council dyspnoea scale => 2 OR New York Heart Association classification => II
Diagnosis of two or more long-term health conditions, at least one of which has evidence of benefit from an exercise-based intervention:
- arthritis
- cancer
- chronic kidney disease
- connective tissue disease (pain)
- mild dementia (less than or equal to four errors in the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire)
- depression
- diabetes mellitus
- long-COVID
- multiple sclerosis
- osteoporosis
- painful condition due to chronic musculoskeletal conditions: osteoarthritis (hand, hip, and knee), chronic back and neck pain, shoulder impingement, and rotator cuff degeneration
- Parkinson’s disease
- peripheral vascular disease
- polycystic ovarian syndrome
- psychoactive substance misuse
- stroke or transient ischaemic attack.
Patients can also have one of the following conditions from the list below:
- anorexia nervosa or bulimia
- anxiety
- chronic fatigue syndrome
- chronic liver disease
- chronic sinusitis
- diverticular disease
- endometriosis, epilepsy
- glaucoma
- inflammatory bowel disease
- irritable bowel syndrome
- Meniere’s disease
- migraines
- pernicious anaemia
- prostate disorders
- psoriasis or eczema
- schizophrenia or bipolar affective disorder
- thyroid disease
- treated constipation
- treated dyspepsia
- viral hepatitis
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Minimum age
18
Years
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Maximum age
No limit
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Sex
Both males and females
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Can healthy volunteers participate?
No
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Key exclusion criteria
Unable to communicate in English
Known contraindications to exercise (as defined by the American College of Sports Medicine, Ed. 2021): unstable cardiac disease, current fever, and significant aortic aneurysm (more than 5.5 cm).
Unable to attend in-person training sessions
Participation in a exercised rehabilitation programme in the last 6 months
Unstable psychiatric disorder that limits or disrupts group based interventions
Active malignancy (on chemotherapy/radiotherapy/planned urgent surgery) with a prognosis of less than 12 months survival
Pregnancy
Living in a residential aged care facility
Unsafe to exercise in a group without 1:1 supervision (e.g. significant risk of falls)
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Study design
Purpose of the study
Treatment
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Allocation to intervention
Randomised controlled trial
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Procedure for enrolling a subject and allocating the treatment (allocation concealment procedures)
Central randomisation (Griffith Randomisation Service, Griffith University)
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Methods used to generate the sequence in which subjects will be randomised (sequence generation)
Stratification by site and minimisation on age (<75 and =>75 years), number of LTCs (=<3 or >3), and sex (male/female)
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Masking / blinding
Blinded (masking used)
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Who is / are masked / blinded?
The people assessing the outcomes
The people analysing the results/data
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Intervention assignment
Parallel
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Other design features
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Phase
Not Applicable
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Type of endpoint/s
Efficacy
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Statistical methods / analysis
(1) Sample size
A total of 1044 participants (522 per arm) will provide 90% power to detect, at the 2-sided 5% Type I error control level, a 7% difference between groups in the proportion of patients admitted to the hospital over 12 months (16% vs 9%), based on a meta-analysis of data from 14 RCTs of exercise-rehabilitation in 1674 participants with multiple long-term health condition (Bricca et al. Ageing Res Rev 2020). This is a conservative estimate, as some included RCTs provided a lower (and likely suboptimal) exercise ‘dose’ than that delivered in rehabilitation for other long-term health conditions where reduced hospitalisation is an established outcome (Puhan MA et al. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016 and Cox N et al. J Physiother 2017). This assumes a loss to follow-up of 10% for this outcome collected using administrative data. PERFORM-Aus trial will recruit 440 participants from Australia. Alongside 604 participants from the UK, this will provide the required sample size for a conclusive assessment of the impact of PERFORM on hospital admissions.
(2) Data analysis for the primary outcome
Hospitalisation: We will pool individual participant data from PERFORM-Aus Trial and PERFORM-UK to evaluate the primary outcome. We will use mixed-effect logistic regression modeling with the presence of hospitalisation as the dependent variable, treatment group as independent variable, minimisation variables (age, sex, number of LTC) and country (UK vs. Australia) as covariates, and individual centres as random effect to account for potential clustering.
(3) Data analysis for the secondary and safety outcomes
All other analyses of secondary and safety outcomes will use linear mixed-effect models for continuous outcomes and generalised linear mixed-effect models for dichotomous and count outcomes, adjusting for relevant baseline values where appropriate and minimisation variables (age, sex, number of LTC) and country (UK vs. Australia, PERFORM-Aus Trial), with individual centres as a random effect. All analyses will be conducted using an intention-to-treat (ITT) approach. Subject to the satisfiability of missingness-at-random assumptions, missing outcome data will be handled through multiple imputation with subsequent tipping point sensitivity analyses.
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Recruitment
Recruitment status
Not yet recruiting
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Date of first participant enrolment
Anticipated
1/10/2024
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Actual
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Date of last participant enrolment
Anticipated
1/10/2026
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Actual
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Date of last data collection
Anticipated
1/10/2027
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Actual
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Sample size
Target
440
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Accrual to date
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Final
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Recruitment in Australia
Recruitment state(s)
NSW,QLD,SA,VIC
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Recruitment hospital [1]
26939
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The Alfred - Melbourne
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Recruitment hospital [2]
26940
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Austin Health - Austin Hospital - Heidelberg
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Recruitment hospital [3]
26942
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Prince of Wales Hospital - Randwick
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Recruitment hospital [4]
26943
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Royal Brisbane & Womens Hospital - Herston
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Recruitment hospital [5]
26944
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The Royal Adelaide Hospital - Adelaide
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Recruitment hospital [6]
26945
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Mt Wilga Private Hospital - Hornsby
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Recruitment hospital [7]
26946
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The Queen Elizabeth Hospital - Woodville
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Recruitment hospital [8]
26947
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Kingston Centre - Cheltenham
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Recruitment hospital [9]
26957
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Frankston Hospital - Frankston
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Recruitment postcode(s) [1]
43011
0
3004 - Melbourne
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Recruitment postcode(s) [2]
43012
0
3084 - Heidelberg
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Recruitment postcode(s) [3]
43014
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2031 - Randwick
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Recruitment postcode(s) [4]
43015
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4029 - Herston
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Recruitment postcode(s) [5]
43016
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5000 - Adelaide
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Recruitment postcode(s) [6]
43017
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2077 - Hornsby
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Recruitment postcode(s) [7]
43018
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5011 - Woodville
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Recruitment postcode(s) [8]
43019
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3192 - Cheltenham
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Recruitment postcode(s) [9]
43029
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3199 - Frankston
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Recruitment outside Australia
Country [1]
26511
0
United Kingdom
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State/province [1]
26511
0
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Funding & Sponsors
Funding source category [1]
317123
0
Government body
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Name [1]
317123
0
Department of Health and Aged Care: Medical Research Future Fund (MRFF) - Clinical Trials Activity Initiative - International Clinical Trial Collaborations
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Address [1]
317123
0
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Country [1]
317123
0
Australia
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Primary sponsor type
University
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Name
Monash University
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Address
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Country
Australia
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Secondary sponsor category [1]
319454
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None
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Name [1]
319454
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Address [1]
319454
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Country [1]
319454
0
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Other collaborator category [1]
283171
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University
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Name [1]
283171
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University of Leicester
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Address [1]
283171
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Country [1]
283171
0
United Kingdom
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Ethics approval
Ethics application status
Approved
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Ethics committee name [1]
315876
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Alfred Hospital Ethics Committee
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Ethics committee address [1]
315876
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https://www.alfredhealth.org.au/research/ethics-research-governance
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Ethics committee country [1]
315876
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Australia
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Date submitted for ethics approval [1]
315876
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27/03/2024
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Approval date [1]
315876
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22/05/2024
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Ethics approval number [1]
315876
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Project Number: 105208 (Local Reference: Project 142/24)
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Summary
Brief summary
This study aims to investigate the impact of Personalised Exercise Rehabilitation for people with Multimorbidity (PERFORM-Aus Trial) on hospitalisation compared with usual care. Who is it for? You may be eligible for this study if you are a male or female age 18 or older independently ambulant, diagnosis of two or more long-term health conditions, at least one of which has evidence of benefit from an exercise-based intervention. Study details Participants will be randomised to receive either PREFORM intervention or usual care. The PERFORM intervention involves an 8-week in-person supervised program at a rehabilitation centre, with sessions held twice weekly. Each session will last 2 hours and consist of one hour of exercise training (Move and Improve) and another hour focusing on patient self-care support and education (Health and Wellbeing sessions). After completion of the intervention, participants will be assessed for hospital admission, quality of life, exercise capacity, mental health, physical activity, treatment burden, fatigue, pain, breathlessness, adverse events and adherence. It is hoped that findings from this study will help manage these patients effectively with a multidisciplinary approach to address complex disease interactions.
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Trial website
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Trial related presentations / publications
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Public notes
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Contacts
Principal investigator
Name
136062
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Prof Anne E Holland
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Address
136062
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Monash Universtiy Level 6, The Alfred Centre 99 Commercial Road Melbourne Vic 3004
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Country
136062
0
Australia
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Phone
136062
0
+613 99030214
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Fax
136062
0
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Email
136062
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[email protected]
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Contact person for public queries
Name
136063
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Simone Dal Corso
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Address
136063
0
Monash Universtiy Level 6, The Alfred Centre 99 Commercial Road Melbourne Vic 3004
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Country
136063
0
Australia
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Phone
136063
0
+613 99038934
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Fax
136063
0
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Email
136063
0
[email protected]
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Contact person for scientific queries
Name
136064
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Anne E Holland
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Address
136064
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Monash Universtiy Level 6, The Alfred Centre 99 Commercial Road Melbourne Vic 3004
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Country
136064
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Australia
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Phone
136064
0
+613 99030214
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Fax
136064
0
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Email
136064
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[email protected]
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Data sharing statement
Will individual participant data (IPD) for this trial be available (including data dictionaries)?
Yes
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What data in particular will be shared?
Individual participant data will be shared only after obtaining approval from the appropriate Human Research Ethics Committee.
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When will data be available (start and end dates)?
Data will not be accessible until the main trial results are published, with no fixed end date for availability.
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Available to whom?
Data access will be available on a case-by-case basis, subject to the Coordinating Principal Investigator's discretion and approval by the relevant Human Research Ethics Committees.
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Available for what types of analyses?
Data will be made available for analyses that have received approval from the relevant Human Research Ethics Committees.
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How or where can data be obtained?
Access to data requires approval from the Coordinating Principal Investigator (email requests to
[email protected]
) and the Alfred Health Human Research Ethics Committee. Requesters must also apply to the Alfred Health HREC, detailing their intended use of the data. Data will be shared only after securing all necessary approvals.
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What supporting documents are/will be available?
No Supporting Document Provided
Results publications and other study-related documents
Documents added manually
No documents have been uploaded by study researchers.
Documents added automatically
No additional documents have been identified.
Download to PDF